Che Guevara: Umurage w’Umurwanyi w’Impinduramatwara utazibagirana ku Isi

Yanditswe na: J. Christian IHIRWE

Mu gihe isi yugarijwe n’ubusumbane, ubukene, n’akarengane, hari amazina y’abantu bavukiye kurwanya ibyo byose maze izina ryabo rikazahora rihimbazwa cyangwa rinengwa bitewe n’aho buri wese ahagaze. Mu banyabigwi b’ibihe byose, izina rya Ernesto “Che” Guevara riracyumvikana ku isi hose nk’ikimenyetso cy’impinduramatwara, ubwitange, n’umurava wo guharanira uburenganzira bw’abatishoboye.

Kuvuka no gukurira muri Argentine

Ernesto Guevara de la Serna yavutse ku itariki ya 14 Kamena 1928, i Rosario, mu gihugu cya Argentine, mu muryango w’abakire bafite aho bahuriye n’imyemerere ya gikomunisiti. Nubwo yavukiye mu buzima butamugoye, Che Guevara yabaye umuntu udashobora kurebera akarengane yicecekeye.

Yagize ubwana bugoye kubera indwara ya asthma yamuzahazaga cyane, ariko ntiyigeze yemera ko imbogamizi z’umubiri zimubuza kugera ku ntego ze. Yize ubuvuzi muri Kaminuza ya Buenos Aires, ariko uburwayi bw’abandi n’ubusumbane yabonaga mu ngendo ze byamweretse ko kuvura umuntu atamukuye mu buzima bumuboshya nta cyo bimaze.

Ingendo zamuhinduye: Gutemberezwa kwa Amerika y’Epfo

Mu 1951, akiri umunyeshuri, Che yafashe urugendo kuri moto hamwe na mugenzi we Alberto Granado, banyura mu bihugu nka Peru, Chile, Colombia, n’ibindi. Aho hose yabonye ukuntu ubukoloni, ubukene, n’akarengane byari bimaze gushinga imizi mu mibereho y’abaturage.

Yanditse mu gitabo cye “The Motorcycle Diaries”, amagambo agaragaza guhinduka kwe ku mitekerereze. Aho yagize ati:
“Ntabwo turi ba turere tw’inyabutatu, turi Amerika imwe – dukeneye impinduramatwara imwe.”

Kwinjira mu mpinduramatwara ya Cuba

Mu 1955, ari i Mexico, Che Guevara yahuye n’undi munyabigwi – Fidel Castro. Bihuje mu ntego, bityo Che yemera kujyana na we n’abandi barwanyi 80 ku bwato Granma, binjira muri Cuba gutangiza impinduramatwara yo guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Fulgencio Batista, wari ushyigikiwe n’Amerika.

Mu mirwano ya Sierra Maestra, Che yigaragaje nk’umuyobozi w’intwari, utikiza, ariko ukunda igihugu. Yahagarariye kuba umuganga, umurwanyi, ndetse n’umunyapolitiki w’imbere mu ngabo za Castro. Nyuma y’intsinzi ya 1959, yagizwe Minisitiri w’Inganda, anahagararira Cuba mu mahanga.

Guharanira impinduramatwara ku isi hose

Nubwo yagize imyanya y’ubuyobozi muri Cuba, Che Guevara ntiyigeze anyurwa no kuba mu biro. Yashakaga gukwirakwiza umuriro w’impinduramatwara mu bindi bihugu.

Yaragiye muri Congo mu 1965, mu rwego rwo gushyigikira inyeshyamba zirwanira kwigenga nyuma y’iyicwa rya Patrice Lumumba, ariko uwo mugambi waje gutsindwa bitewe n’ibibazo by’imiyoborere n’ubutandukane bw’abarwanyi.

Che yaje kujya muri Bolivia, aho yatekerezaga gutangiza impinduramatwara ishingiye ku bacukura amabuye y’agaciro n’abahinzi. Ariko, yahakomerejeho intambara n’ingabo z’igihugu, zafashwaga n’Amerika – by’umwihariko n’CIA.

Ifatwa n’iyicwa

Ku wa 8 Ukwakira 1967, Che Guevara yarafashwe mu mashyamba ya Bolivia. Ku itariki ya 9 Ukwakira 1967, yiciwe mu cyumba cy’ishuri cyari cyahinduwe gereza, ku itegeko ritaziguye ryari rishingiye ku mpamvu za politiki.

Ijambo rye rya nyuma ryabaye iryo kwanga gupfukamira urupfu. Yahagaze ashyize, ati:
“Mwirire neza, ndabizi ko mugiye kunyica. Mwirire neza, muramutse murimo kwica umuntu.”

Ubusizi bw’umurage we

Nyuma y’imyaka irenga 55 y’iyicwa rye, ishusho ya Che Guevara iracyari ku myambaro, ku mabaraza, mu bitabo, ndetse no mu myumvire y’abarwanya akarengane. Iri shusho ryamamaye cyane ryafashwe n’umufotozi Alberto Korda, mu 1960, ryamugize ikirangirire – ari mu mvugo, mu mafoto, no mu mpano.

Bamwe baramusingiza nk’umujyanama w’impinduramatwara n’umuntu wihariye waharaniye icyiza; abandi baramunenga, bamushinja kuba umunyarugomo, utarajyaga yihanganira abatayoboka inzira ye. Ariko ntawashidikanya ko yihariye igihe n’igihe cye.

Icyo abanyarwanda n’abanyafurika bashobora kumwigiraho

Che Guevara atwigisha ko ubuzima bufite agaciro igihe bukoreshwa mu guharanira impinduka zirambye. Nubwo uburyo bwe bwo guharanira impinduramatwara bushobora kutumvikana neza kuri bose, ubutumwa bwe bwo kwigenga, ukwishyira ukizana, n’ubusabane hagati y’ibihugu by’amajyepfo, buracyafite agaciro cyane cyane ku bihugu bikennye nk’iby’Afurika.

Ubwitange bwe, igitinyiro cye, n’ubutwari bwe byatumye aba igihangange mu mateka. Nk’uko yabivuze:
“Niba wumva icyaha iyo ubona akarengane, ubwo ndimo muri wowe.”