Centrafrique: Jean-Bédel Bokassa umwami w’abami wakatiwe urwo gupfa agapfa urw’ikirago!

Jean-Bédel Bokassa yavutse tariki 22 Gashyantare 1921 apfa tariki 3 Ugushyingo 1996.Yari umunyapolitiki akaba n’umusirikare mukuru wo muri Afurika yo hagati wabaye perezida wa kabiri wa Repubulika ya Centrafrique (CAR), nyuma yo gufata ubutegetsi muri coup d’Etat ya Saint-Sylvestre ku ya 1 Mutarama 1966. Nyuma yaje gushinga ubwami bwa Afurika yo hagati (CAE) na we ubwe nk’umwami w’abami, ku ngoma ya Bokassa wa I kugeza ku ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi bwe mu 1979.

Muri icyo gihe, Bokassa yamaze imyaka igera kuri cumi n’umwe ari perezida naho imyaka itatu yiyita Umwami w’abami wa Afurika yo hagati, nubwo iki gihugu cyari ku gitugu cye cya gisirikare. Ubutegetsi bwe “ubwami” buva ku ya 4 Ukuboza 1976 kugeza ku ya 21 Nzeri 1979. Nyuma yo guhirikwa kwe, CAR yagaruye ku butegetsi, David Dacko. Nubwo Bokassa yiyise umwami w’abami ntabwo ubwami bwe bwemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Mu rubanza rwe adahari, Bokassa yaraburanishijwe akatirwa urwo gupfa. Yagarutse muri CAR mu 1986 ashyirwa mu rukiko kubera ubuhemu n’ubwicanyi. Mu 1987, inteko y’abacamanza ntiyafashe umwanzuro ku byaha aregwa byo kurya abantu kubera imbabazi rusange, ariko isanga ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica abanyeshuri ndetse n’ibindi byaha. Igihano cy’urupfu cyakurikiyeho cyahinduwe ubuzima bwe bwose mu kasho, ariko ararekurwa mu 1993. Bokassa yahise abaho wenyine i Bangui, apfa mu Gushyingo 1996.

Bokassa kuri kashe ya iposita kuva 1967

Jean-Bédel Bokassa, Umwami wambitswe ikamba mu birori bihenze

Ku ya 31 Ukuboza 1965, Dacko yahiritswe ku butegetsi bwa Saint-Sylvestre coup d’Etat na Coloneli Jean-Bédel Bokassa, yahagaritse itegeko nshinga kandi asesa Inteko ishinga amategeko. Ku ya 4 Ukuboza 1976, Perezida Bokassa yiyise Perezida w’Ubuzima mu 1972 maze yiyita Umwami w’abami Bokassa wa mbere wo mu Bwami bwa Afurika yo hagati (nk’uko igihugu cyiswe iri zina). Nyuma y’umwaka umwe, Umwami Bokassa yambitswe ikamba mu birori bihenze.

Muri Mata 1979, abanyeshuri bakiri bato bigaragambije bamagana itegeko rya Bokassa rivuga ko abanyeshuri bose bo mu ishuri basabwaga kugura imyenda na sosiyete yari ifite umwe mu bagore be. Guverinoma yahagaritse cyane imyigaragambyo, ihitana abana 100 b’ingimbi. Bokassa ashobora kuba yaragize uruhare mu bwicanyi bumwe na bumwe. Muri Nzeri 1979, Ubufaransa bwahiritse Bokassa maze busubiza Dacko ku butegetsi (nyuma busubiza izina ry’igihugu ndetse na guverinoma y’umwimerere muri Repubulika ya Centrafrique). Dacko na we, yongeye guhirikwa ku butegetsi na Jenerali André Kolingba ku ya 1 Nzeri 1981.

Bokassa nyuma y’urupfu rwe yasubijwe mu buzima busanzwe mu mwaka wa 2010 na Perezida François Bozizé byaganishije ku kuzamuka ko kwamamara kwe nubwo ngo n’ubundi ari icyamamare mu byaha.

Bokassa mu 1939 (imyaka 18)

Repubulika ya Centrafrique (CAR)

Ni igihugu kidakora ku nyanja, kiri muri Afurika yo hagati. Ihana imbibi na Tchad mu majyaruguru, Sudani mu majyaruguru y’uburasirazuba, Sudani y’Amajyepfo mu burasirazuba, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo mu majyepfo, Repubulika ya Kongo mu majyepfo y’uburengerazuba, na Kameruni mu burengerazuba. Bangui ni umurwa mukuru w’igihugu n’umujyi munini, uhana imbibi na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Repubulika ya Centrafrique ifite ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 620.000 (240.000 sq mi). Kugeza mu 2024, ituwe n’abaturage 5.357.744, igizwe n’amoko agera kuri 80, kandi ikaba iri mu ntambara y’abenegihugu, ikomeje kuva mu 2012. Kuba yarabaye ubukoloni bw’Abafaransa ku izina rya Ubangi-Shari, Igifaransa ni rwo rurimi rwemewe, hamwe na Sango, ururimi rw’igikerewole rushingiye ku Ngbandi, nk’ururimi rw’igihugu rundi

Charles de Gaulle i Bangui, 1940