TWITABIRE IMBONEZAMIKURIRE TURANDURE IGWINGIRARY’ABANA BATO
- Ibonezamikurire y’abana bato ni iki ?
Mu Rwanda, imbonezamikurire y’abana bato ari yo ECD (Early Childhood Development) ni
urusobe rwa serivisi zinyuranye zihabwa umwana kuva agisamwa kugeza yujuje imyaka
itandatu hagamijwe ko akura neza mu gihagararo, mu bwenge, mu mibanire n’abandi, mu
mbamutima, mu mutekano kandi uburenganzira bwe bukabungabungwa. - Imbonezamikurire y’abana bato mu kurwanya igwingira ry’abana bato
Kugwingira ni iki ?
Kugwingira n’ingaruka z’imirire mibi no kurwaragurika bya hato na hato ndetse no
kutitabwaho k’umwana.
Kugwingira biterwa n’iki ?
Kugwingira biterwa no kuba umwana atarabonye indyo yuzuye igihe kirekire no
kurwaragurika
Kugwingira bihombya iki igihugu ?
Abahanga mu by’ubukungu bemeza ko igwingira rigabanya ubukungu bw’igihugu ku kigero
cya 3% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu. Umwana wagwingiye ntatanga umusaruro nk’uwa
mugenzi we bangana utaragwingiye, bityo n’ubukungu bukadindira.
Kuki ari ngombwa gushora mu mwana ?
Gushora mu mwana mu kugabanya igwingira bigira inyungu nyinshi haba ku muryango no
ku gihugu. Abahanga mu by’ubukungu bavuga ko iyo ishoye ifaranga rimwe mu kurwanya
igwingira ribyara inyungu ikubye inshuro16 iyo umwana akuze. - Ibyiza byo kwita ku mwana hakiri kare
Ni ngombwa kwita ku mwana hakiri kare kuko hafi ya 80% by’ubwonko bwe biremwa
mu myaka itandatu yambere. Iyo umwana agwingiye mu bwonko, mu mitekereze ye no
mu gihagararo, aba atakaje amahirwe atazongera kugaruka no mu bukuru bwe.
Ababyeyi bafite inshingano yo kwita ku mirire myiza y’umwana, isuku ye, iy’ibikoresho
n’aho batuye, uburere buboneye, no kumurinda ihohoterwa iryo ariryo ryose
Kwita ku mwana hakiri kare bimurinda kugwingira
Umwana witaweho hakiri kare, akura neza, atsinda neza mu ishuri kandi amenya gufata
ibyemezo bikwiye uko agenda aba mukuru.
Umwana wanjye Ishema ryanjye
Kwirinda biruta kwivuza. Kuvura ingaruka mbi ku mwana utaritaweho kare birahenda.
Hari n’ubwo bidashoboka kuko nyuma y’imyaka ibiri kugwingira mu gihagararo
mitekerereze ntibivurwa. - Ibyingenzi byo kwitabwaho mu mbonezamikurire y’umwana muto
Ababyeyi bombi ni bo ba mbere bashinzwe kwita ku mikurire myiza y’abana babo. Ababyeyi
n’abandi barera abana, bagomba kwita kuri ibi bikurikira:
4.1. Imirire:
Umubyeyi utwite afata indyo yuzuye, bikarinda umwana we hakiri kare kugwingira
Umubyeyi utwite akurikirana ubuzima bwe n’ubw’umwana yitabira kwipimisha kwa
Muganga inshuro enye zagenwe. Mu gihembwe cya mbere, ahabwa ibinini by’ubutare na
Aside Folike bimurinda kugira ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amaraso mu mubiri
Umwana ukivuka ashyirwa ku ibere mu miota 30 ya mbere bikamwongerera
ubushyuheno guhumeka neza kandi bigafasha nyina guhembera
Umwana atungwa n’amashereka ya nyina gusa nta kindi avangiwe mu gihe cy’amezi
atandatu. Nyuma y’amezi atandatu, akomeza konka ari na ko ahabwa imfashabere igizwe
n’indyo yuzuye
Kuva umwana akivuka ahabwa inkingo zateganyijwe zose kugeza afite amezi 15
Gupimisha abana buri kwezi kwa muganga cyangwa mu bajyanama b’ubuzima ngo
bakurikirane imikurire yabo
Ababyeyi bagomba kwitabira igikoni cy’umudugudu, kugira umurima w’igikoni, kandi
bagaha abana babo amafunguro arimo ibyubaka umubiri, ibitera imbaraga n’ibirinda
indwara.
4.2. Isuku yo kumubiri, iy’bikoresho no mu rugo kugirango indwara zose zitewa
n’umwanada zitagera kumwana
4.3. Uburere buboneye mu muryango: Ababyeyi batanga uburere bwiza, urukundo,
ubusabane n’abana babo, bakaba intangarugero mu myifatire n’ibikorwa byiza byubakiye
ku ndanagagaciro z’umuco nyarwanda.
4.4. Kurinda umwana ihohoterwa ryose: Kurinda umwana ihohoterwa ryaba irishingiye
ku mvugo mbi, ibitutsi, inkoni, kuvangura abana, kubakoresha imirimo irenze ubushobozi
bwabo. Ibihano bibabaza umubiri ntibyemewe.
4.5. Gutegura umwana kare kwiga: ababyeyi bagomba gufasha umwana kubona servisi
mbonezamikurire mu bigo mbonezamikurire bibegereye cyangwa amashuri y’inshuke
agategurwa hakiri kare bikamufasha gukangura ubwonko, kuziga neza no gutsinda
amasomo igihe atangiye amashuri abanza.
4.6. Kutavangura abana: Abana bose baba abakobwa cyangwa abahungu bagomba
kwitabwaho kimwe nta tonesha cyangwa ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose. Abana bafite
ubumuga n’ibindi bibazo byihariye bitabwaho by’umwihariko. - Ubufatanye mu gushyigikira gahunda zigamije kurandura igwingira
Umwana wanjye Ishema ryanjye
Inzego z’ubuyobozi, iz’ubuzima, ababyeyi n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa bagomba
gukurikiranira hafi gahunda zashyizweho na Leta mu rwego rwo kurandura igwingira
ry’abana bato. Muri zo hari:
Gahunda yo gutanga amata mu bana bagaragaweho ikibazo cy’imirire mibi. Iyi serivisi
itangirwa mu bigo nderabuzima
Gahunda y’inkongoro y’umwana mu mashuri y’inshuke no mu ngo mbonezamikurire
y’abana bato
Gahunda ya Shisha kibondo ku bagore batwite n’abonsa hamwe n’abana bafite hagati
y’amezi 6 kugeza na 24 bo mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ubudehe
Gahunda y’igikoni cy’umudugudu no kwigisha uko bategura indyo yuzuye
Gahunda yo gutanga intungamubiri nyunganirabiribwa nka Vitamin A, ubutare, Zinc, na
Ongera-intungamubiri
Gahunda y’akarima k’igikoni karimo imboga zinyuranye kuri buri rugo
Gahunda zo kuboneza urubyaro bigamije imikurire myiza y’abana
Gahunda y’umugoroba w’ababyeyi mu kunoza imibanire, guteza imbere imiryango no
kurwanya amakimbirane mu ngo… - Ingo mbonezamikurire, igisubizo mu kurwanya kugwingira kw’abana bato
Serivisi z’imbonezamikurire zitangirwa mu muryango no mu ngo mbonezamikurire y’abana
bato zaba izo mu ngo, mu bigo by’abishyize hamwe, mu bigo by’amashuri n’ahandi hose
abarera abana bahisemo inyubako zibafasha kwita ku mikurire myiza y’abana.
Abana barerewe mu ngo mbonezamikurire babonera hamwe serivisi zinyuranye zihabwa
abana bari munsi y’imyaka itandatu zirimo iz’imirire, ubuzima buzira umute, isuku n’isukura,
gukangura ubwonko bwabo no kubategura kwiga amashuri abanza mu mutekano ukwiye.
Uretse ingo mbonezamikurire zishingiye ku miryango no ku bigo by’iamashuri, birashoboka
ko ingo Mbonezamikurire y’Abana Bato (ECD) zishyirwaho ku rwego rw’umudugudu.
Ababyeyi mu midugudu bashobora kwishyira hamwe, mu matsinda y’ingo ziri hagati ya 10
na 15 bakagena urugo abana babo bari munsi y’imyaka itandatu bajya bahuriramo, maze
bakajya ibihe byo kwita kuri abo bana. Abayobozi, abikorera, abanyamadini n’abandi
bafatanyabikorwa barakangurirwa kubigiramo uruhare.
Umwana wanjye Ishema ryanjye
